SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF LAKE REGULATION IN FINNISH LAKES
In Finland approximately one third of the total area of lakes is regulated, i.e. 11 000 km2. A large amount of research and development has been conducted on the regulation of watercourses during the last 15 years. Extensive studies have been undertaken in a number of large waterways to assess the ecological, social and economic […]
CHLORINATION OF DRINKING WATER Summary from a workshop funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers
A Nordic specialist workshop based on a report on Chlorination of drinking water was organised to summarise practical experience from the Nordic countries and to discuss the chlorination strategies for the future. The workshop discussed the following questions: 1) Is it possible to optimise the chlorination process with respect to disinfection effect and the formation […]
SÄSONGSLAGRING AV AVLOPPSVATTEN FÖR SKOGSBEVATTNING / Seasonal storage of wastewater for forest irrigation
Waste-water could be used for forest irrigation as a method for utilising the resources in the water. Forest irrigation systems are rare in Sweden; however, there are some examples in both the north and the south of the country. If irrigation is to be used as a whole-year system, storage of the wastewater due to […]
KEMIKALIEFRI VATTENDESINFICERING / Non-chemical water disinfection
The purpose of this project was to develop non-chemical and energy efficient alternatives to chlorination and traditional boiling as drinking-water disinfection methods in emergency situations. The project was started with an investigation of methods in use today and possible alternatives. Two alternative methods that seemed to be promising were chosen – the first method is […]
NUTRIENT LOADING AND REDUCTION FROM SOURCE-LAKE TO SEA / Närsaltbelastning och -reduktion fran källsjö till hav
So far, the processes behind the eutrophication of coastal waters are poorly understood. As a consequence of this, efforts to counteract this phenomenon have failed. In this study, ecological valuations are used, in comparison with nutrient utilization, in different types of lakes and watercourses in parts of the drainage basin of the River Göta älv, […]
IMPLICATIONS OF ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY FOR URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT / Vad innebär ekologisk hållbarhet för VA-systemen?
One of the main issues ot the research programme ”Sustainable Urban Water Management” (UW), which is funded by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (MISTRA), is if existing urban water management is sustainable and what measures may be undertaken if it is not. This paper focuses on the ecological dimension of sustainability and its […]
EJEKTORLUFTNING AV JÄRNHALTIGT GRUNDVATTEN Del 1. Teori och Karaktärisering / Ejector aeration of iron containing ground water Part 1. Theory and laboratory evaluation
The purpose of ground water aeration is mainly to remove unwanted gases and impurities as well as improve the oxidation of iron and manganese. A commercial ejector aerator was characterized in laboratory and field and the performance was compared in field studies with other aeration methods used in full scale in water-works. This evaluation was […]
BRA SMÅ AVLOPP En utvärdering av anläggningar för enskilda avlopp / Evaluation of small wastewater treatment systems
The purpose of the project ”Bra Små Avlopp” or ”Small Well functioning Sewage plants” was to evaluate and demonstrate new solutions for decreasing the discharges from on site wastewater treatment plants. Seven of the investigated facilities were package plants, two were urine separating plants with large sand filters, two had septic tanks to collect wastewater […]
CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS FOR TREATMENT OF LANDFILL LEACHATE – EXPERIENCES FROM SWEDEN AND NORWAY / Konstruerade våtmarker för behandling av lakvatten – erfarenheter fran Sverige och Norge
Constructed wetland systems have attracted attention as suitable methods to treat landfill leachate. Experiences are promising in several European countries and in the North America, but Swedish experiences are limited so far. There is an interest for this solution also in Sweden and a number of constructed systems have recently been established. The aim with […]
DEAMMONIFIKATION SOM EN NY PROCESS FÖR BEHANDLING AVAVLOPPSSTRÖMMAR MED HÖG KVÄVEHALT / Deammonification as a new process for treatment of wastewater with a high nitrogen content
Pilot plant-scale experiments have been carried out to study a new technology for nitrogen removal from digester supernatant. The plant comprises two parallel lines, which now operate as a two-step process. Two pilot plant reactors (each volume of 2 m3) were filled with Kaldnes rings up to 50 % of their volume. In the First […]