NITROGEN CONVERSION PROCESSES WHEN TREATING WASTEWATER IN SOIL SYSTEMS – THE IMPORTANCE OF AMMONIUM ADSORPTION / Kväveomvandlingsprocesser vid behandling av avloppsvatten i ett markbehandlingssystem – Ammoniumadsorptionens betydelse
The objective of this study was to determine the importance of ammonium adsorption compared to other nitrogen separation and transformation processes, when infiltrating wastewater into vertical soil treatment systems. Mass balance calculations based on literature values were employed, but also complementary column experiments were performed to quantify the ammonium adsorption capacity of sand with respect […]
REMOVAL OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES DURING TREATMENT OF DRINKING WATER USING SORBENTS
The removal of humic substances during drinking water preparation by artificial recharge of groundwaters using synthetic sorbents, activated carbon and anthracite was assessed. Humic (HA) and fulvic (FA) acids isolated from soil, peat, water, filters, from the infiltration basin for artificial groundwater recharge, as well as commercial humic acid, were used in study. It was […]
WATER QUALITY CHANGES IN LATVIA IN RELATION TO CHANGING LOADING LEVELS
Long-term changes of the chemical composition and biological quality of Lacvian inland waters have been evaluated. Water composition, the major factors influendng water chemistry, and the human impacts were studied to determine the changes after recent reductions ofpollution emissions, particularly nurrient loading, to surface waters. The chemical composition much depends on hydrological factors, which differs […]
AVFALLSDEPONERING OCH HÅLLBAR UTVECKLING / Landfilling and sustainable development
Collection and treatment of the gas and leachate during the active period of a landfill is proposed in the EC landfill direcrives and in the proposal for new landfill directives in Sweden in order to reduce the risk for methane gas emissions and contamination of water resources. The directives propose an increased pretreatment of the […]
VÄRDET AV NY TEKNIK FÖR KVÄVERENING OCH RECIPIENTENS SJÄLVRENING:En tillämpning på Himmerfjärden / The value of alternative technologies for nutrient abatement in Himmerfjärden; new technology for sewage treatment plants and coastal zones as pollutant sinks
The economic value of two alternative ways of nitrogen abatement are calculated: recent development of cleaning capacities at sewage treatment plants and ihe use of coasral zones nitrogen sink capacity. The values calculated as cost savings obtained from the alternative technologies. The analysis reveals that the value of technologies increase for higher levels ofnutrienr reducrions […]
IMPROVEMENT OF SANITARY SOLUTIONS FOR SMALL WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS
The Swedish Delegation for Sustainable Technology and Stockholm Water Co. have initiated a competition for the design and construction of small wastewater treatment units. Improvements in environmental impact and potential for nutrients recycling are expected, compared with conventional technology used today, i.e. settling and infiltrarion or filtration beds. Such differenr types of treatment systems are […]
APPLICATION OF THE HBV-N MODEL TO THE BALTIC SEA DRAINAGE BASIN
A hydrochemical model, HBV-N, was set up in a first simple applicarion to simulate the river-borne transport of nitrogen to the Baltic Sea and its main basins. The land area of 1729 000 km2 was divided into 25 subbasins. The input data were coarse and the model was calibrated against long term monthly mean concentradons […]
STORMWATER-GIS A GIS planning tool for stormwater best management practices
VBB VIAK has developed a useful planning tool for stormwater management. It is presented in a GIS format with links to spreadsheet models in Excel and/or databases in Access. RunofFwater flows and pollutant loads are calculated in the watershed management model Stormtac. Data from Stormtac, together wkh exisung measurements and sampling data, are exported into […]
BIVALVE SHELLS AS ARCHIVES FOR CHANGES IN WATER ENVIRONMENT / Musselskal som arkiv för förändringar i vattenmiljön
Bivalves were used as environmental biomonitors by studying the growth rate and the structure of their shells, as well as by analysing elemental distribution in the shells. Information about water chemistry, temperature and pH, precipitarion, food supply and other environmental paramerers are stored in the bivalve shells. To be able to disclose the environmenral archives […]
ON THE MANAGEMENT OF NITROGEN FLOWS: Towards a decentralisation of environmental management in Sweden?
During the past century human activides have at least doubled the rate ofnitrogen fixation in the global landbased nitrogen cycle. Besides being beneficial to human societal development, this has many deleterious consequences for the environment. As part ofthe responses to the call for world-wide acrion on the problems with nitrogen, this paper focuses on the […]