PHOSPHORUS MANAGEMENT AND SOCIETAL STRUCTURE Hampered effluent accumulation processes (HEAP) in different areas of the Swedish society / Fosforhantering och samhällsstruktur Ackumulationseffekter i det svenska samhället
Some of the problems of phosphorus pollution and source exhaustion are identified to be time-dependent, structural problems. This is demonstrated to be the case in land independent animal production, in urban settlements and in the waste-water treatment – landfill cycle. A calculation indicates that saturation of the systems can take place in the time range […]
LÅNGSAMFILTRERING – EN ENKÄTUNDERSÖKNING AV SVENSKA FILTER Slow Sand Filtration – an Investigation of Swedish Slow Sand Filters
At present there is an increasing interest in rhe reduction of natural organic matter, NOM, from drinking water by biological processes instead of chemical processes. In Europe as well as in the US a lot of research is done to increase the knowledge of biological processes in slow sand filters. Removal of organic matter in […]
FEM-ANALYS AV STRÖMNINGSFÖRHÅLLANDENA I EN DAGVATTENDAMM / FEM-analysis of the hydraulic conditions in a stormwater detention pond
In 1996 Goteborg Water and Sewage Works built a stormwater detention pond, with a catchment area consisting of a city highway and a domestic area. Models of the pond in two and three dimensions were made with a finite element program, FIDAP. The hydraulic conditions have been simulated for different flow intensities. Particle removal, as […]
UPPGRADERING AV SLAMAVSKILJARE GENOM TILLBYGGNAD AV BIOLOGISKA BEHANDLINGSSTEG / Upgrading of small wastewater treatment plants by using biological treatment
The Municipality of Skelleftea is responsible for the operation of several small wastewater treatment plants with insufficient removal of organic matter and nutrients. The small wastewater treatment plants normally consist of septic tanks. A common solution to improve the removal efficiency of small plants is to build infiltration beds. However, due to local conditions this […]
UTVECKLINGEN INOM VATTENPLANERINGSOMRÅDET / The development in planning of water resources
The work with water resources has changed during the last two-three decades. We have solved the problems with point sources. Now we have to concentrate on the diffuse sources, within a sector integrated planning EU is working on a Framework Directive for water, with demands of river basin management. The use of water resources depends […]
AN APPROACH TO USING THE DEGREE DAY METHOD FOR URBAN SNOW DEPOSIT MELT / Graddagarsmetoden för beräkning av smältning av snötippar
Snow melt and snow handling are of great concern for the municipalities in cold regions. Urban run off is influenced by the piling of snow. In order to design deposit areas, storm water systems, etc. forecasts of urban snow melt run off should consider melting of snow piles. Piling of snow delays the melt and […]
AN ALTERNATIVE ROAD CONSTRUCTION FOR STORMWATER INFILTRATION IN A COLD CLIMATE / Alternativ gatukonstruktion för dagvatteninfiltration i kallt klimat
By using an alternative road construction with permeable asphalt over an open-graded aggregate base the stormwater is infiltrated into the ground. No regular stormwater pipes and manholes are needed A full scale study of an alternative road construction in a cold climate is presented in this article. Two roads in a housing area in Luleå, […]
DRYING AS A URINE DEWATERING METHOD / Torkning som metod för att avvattna urin
One strategy to increase the amount of nutrients recycled is to handle urine separately and use it as a fertiliser. However, an extended use of urine separation toilets will result in considerable volumes to be handled. The amount of urine solution could be reduced by using drying techniques. However, the possibilities of dewatering urine by […]
NY TEKNIK FOR BESTÄMNING AV SPÅRMETALLER I BRACK- OCH HAVSVATTEN / A new technique for the determination of trace metals in brackish and sea water
Trace metal concentrations in brackish and sea water can be determined by ICP-SMS (inductively coupled plasma sector mass spectrometry) with no pretreatment other than acidification and dilution. This is possible because of i) very low instrumental detection limits, and ii) the elimination of most of the spectral interferences caused by the salts. These interferences make […]
SYSTEM AQUA – ETT INSTRUMENT FÖR NATURVÄRDERING AV SJÖAR OCH VATTENDRAG / System Aqua – an assessment tool for nature conservation
System Aqua has been designed to meet the growing need for an objective, reproducible and comprehensive tool for assessing the conservation value of Swedish lakes and watercourses as well as for identifying waterbodies worth rehabilitation. The system may be used to provide an integrated assessment of whole catchments together with their component waters. Emphasis in […]