BOTTENLINSER OCH NÄRSALTSDYNAMIK I LAHOLMSBUKTEN / Bottom Lenses and Nutrient Dynamics in the Laholm Bay
The linkage between (1) bottom dynamics, i.e. where areas of erosion (E), transportation (T) and accumulation (A) prevail, (2) lenses, i.e. fine highly moveable material-living and dead, inorganic and organic, recent and resuspended-that can be found on shores and on generally harder deposits predominating on E- and T-bottoms, and (3) the flux of nitrogen, which […]
HUR TILLFRISKNADE SJÖARNA? / Research on Recovery of Polluted Lakes
In order to evaluate the effects of advanced wastewater treatment plants for phosphorus removal, the National Swedish Environment Protection Board during 1971 started a program for analysing the conditions in a number of recipient lakes. Some lakes from which sewage effluent was completely diverted were included. Of 23 lakes possible to evaluate, 15 responded positively […]
The ReAl Process – A COMBINED MEMBRANE AND PRECIPITATION PROCESS FOR RECOVERY OF ALUMINIUM FROM WATERWORK SLUDGE
The aim with this study has been to find a process which can recover aluminium from waterworks sludge. The separation processes used include acidification, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and precipitation. The result of this study, which has been carried out over a period of three years, strongly indicates that it is technically possible to use acidification combined […]
HVA ER BÆREKRAFT OG HVORDAN KAN MAN SAMMENLIGNE BÆREKRAFTEN I ULIKE SYSTEMER? / What is sustainability and how can we compare different systems?
The aims of this article are to increase the awareness of sustainability as a tool to obtain more sustainable infrastructure and to show how sustainability may be calculated. The sustainability of an infrastructure may be assessed by using a set of indicators and a subsequent weighing process implemented on these indicators. Politicians should take part […]
RENINGSEFFEKT MOT KOSTNADSEFFEKTIVITET I ANLAGDA VÅTMARKER / Retention capacity versus cost efficiency in constructed wetlands
A large number of wetlands have been created in the northwest part of Scania (south of Sweden) since 1991. Their types of construction vary, which affect their ability to remove nutrients from eutrophic watercourses. In this report, we have evaluated how different construction techniques affect nitrogen retention capacities andcompared cost-efficiencies between different wetlands. The wetlands […]
TEST AV MoST – ETT NYTT VERKTYG FÖR KVALITETSSÄKRING AV MODELLERING INOM AVRINNINGSOMRÅDEN / A test of MoST – a new tool for quality assurance of catchment-based modelling
HarmoniQuA is an EU-project aiming at developing a quality assurance component for catchment-based modelling according to the EU Water Framework Directive. The two major outputs are (1) a harmonised, generic methodology with guidelines for “good modelling practice” and (2) a web-based toolbox for quality assurance support (MoST). To test the methodology and the toolbox, they […]
HISTORY OF MINING IN THE LAKE POOPO REGION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES
Bolivia is a country with many mineral resources, located mainly in the Andean region of this country, where the lake Poopo is located. From thousands of years ago, the mining activity has a large importance; however, the natives used these resources formerly for ceremonial use and taking care with the environment. From the colonial time, […]
VATTENFÖRVALTNINGEN OCH AKTÖRSDELTAGANDET I TYSKLAND / Water management and public participation in Germany
This article intends to describe how the German federal states (Bundesländer) chose to implement the public participation requirements (article 14) of the water framework directive (WFD). We describe which level of ambition they intend to reach, which models and tools they use and what kind of resources they have at their disposal to involve external […]
SOME NOTES ON HYDRAULICS AND A MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF SLOW SAND FILTRATION
Reliable mathematical models that can describe the mechanisms in Slow Sand Filters, SSF, represented by different filter parameters are yet absent. The extremely complicated interactions between physical, chemical, biological and hydraulic conditions are shown in a simplified model. An attempt to apply the rapid filtration empirical formulas for SSF is described in detail. The need […]